331 lines
9.8 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
331 lines
9.8 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# 错误问题汇总
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## 1. `Could not find Opus library. Make sure it is installed.`
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### **错误描述**
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```
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(.venv) C:\Users\Junsen\Desktop\learning\xiaozhi-python>python xiaozhi-python.py
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "C:\Users\Junsen\Desktop\learning\xiaozhi-python\xiaozhi-python.py", line 5, in <module>
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import opuslib
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File "C:\Users\Junsen\Desktop\learning\xiaozhi-python\.venv\lib\site-packages\opuslib\__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
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from .exceptions import OpusError # NOQA
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File "C:\Users\Junsen\Desktop\learning\xiaozhi-python\.venv\lib\site-packages\opuslib\exceptions.py", line 10, in <module>
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import opuslib.api.info
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File "C:\Users\Junsen\Desktop\learning\xiaozhi-python\.venv\lib\site-packages\opuslib\api\__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
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raise Exception(
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Exception: Could not find Opus library. Make sure it is installed.
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```
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### **解决方案**
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1. **Windows**
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- 下载并安装 Opus 库。
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- 确保 `opuslib` 相关库正确安装。
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2. **Linux/macOS**
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- 运行以下命令安装 `libopus`:
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```sh
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sudo apt-get install libopus-dev # Ubuntu/Debian
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brew install opus # macOS
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```
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3. **Python 代码安装**
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```sh
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pip install opuslib
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```
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---
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## 2. `externally-managed-environment` (macOS)
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### **错误描述**
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```
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(.venv) huangjunsen@huangjunsendeMac-mini py-xiaozhi % pip install -r requirements_mac.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
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error: externally-managed-environment
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× This environment is externally managed
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╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try brew install
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xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
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install.
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If you wish to install a Python library that isn't in Homebrew,
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use a virtual environment:
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python3 -m venv path/to/venv
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source path/to/venv/bin/activate
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python3 -m pip install xyz
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If you wish to install a Python application that isn't in Homebrew,
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it may be easiest to use 'pipx install xyz', which will manage a
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virtual environment for you. You can install pipx with
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brew install pipx
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You may restore the old behavior of pip by passing
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the '--break-system-packages' flag to pip, or by adding
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'break-system-packages = true' to your pip.conf file. The latter
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will permanently disable this error.
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If you disable this error, we STRONGLY recommend that you additionally
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pass the '--user' flag to pip, or set 'user = true' in your pip.conf
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file. Failure to do this can result in a broken Homebrew installation.
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Read more about this behavior here: <https://peps.python.org/pep-0668/>
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note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
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hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.
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```
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### **解决方案**
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1. **使用虚拟环境安装**
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```sh
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python3 -m venv my_env
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source my_env/bin/activate
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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```
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2. **使用 **``** 进行全局安装**
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```sh
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brew install pipx
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pipx install package_name
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```
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3. **强制安装（不推荐）**
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```sh
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pip install package_name --break-system-packages
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```
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---
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## 3. `WebSocket连接失败: BaseEventLoop.create_connection() got an unexpected keyword argument 'extra_headers'`
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### **错误描述**
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```python
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# 建立WebSocket连接
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self.websocket = await websockets.connect(
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self.WEBSOCKET_URL,
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extra_headers=headers # 高版本这里改为 additional_headers=headers
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)
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```
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### **解决方案**
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- **新版本 **``: `extra_headers` 改为 `additional_headers`。
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- **旧版本 **``: `additional_headers` 改为 `extra_headers`。
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---
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## 4. `没有找到默认的输入/输出音频设备`
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### **错误描述**
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```
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AudioCodec - ERROR - 初始化音频设备失败: [Errno -9996] Invalid input device (no default output device)
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AudioCodec - WARNING - 无法初始化音频设备: [Errno -9996] Invalid input device (no default output device)
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```
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### **解决方案**
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1. **Windows**:
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- 在 **声音设置** 中启用麦克风和扬声器。
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2. **Linux/macOS**:
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```sh
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pactl list sources | grep "Name"
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```
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3. **检查可用音频设备**:
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```python
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import pyaudio
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p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
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for i in range(p.get_device_count()):
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print(f"设备 {i}: {p.get_device_info_by_index(i)['name']}")
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```
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4. **手动指定音频设备**:
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```python
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stream = p.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=16000, input=True, input_device_index=0)
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```
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---
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## **5. `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_tkinter'` mac m4以下常见 **
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### **错误描述**
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```
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(.venv) apple@appledeMac-mini py-xiaozhi % python main.py
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "/Users/apple/Desktop/py-xiaozhi/main.py", line 5, in <module>
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from src.application import Application
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File "/Users/apple/Desktop/py-xiaozhi/src/application.py", line 23, in <module>
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from src.display import gui_display, cli_display
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File "/Users/apple/Desktop/py-xiaozhi/src/display/gui_display.py", line 2, in <module>
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import tkinter as tk
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File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.12/3.12.9/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/tkinter/__init__.py", line 38, in <module>
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import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_tkinter'
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```
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### **解决方案**
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1. **安装 `tcl-tk`**
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```sh
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brew upgrade tcl-tk # 一般第一步就可以了
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```
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2. **检查 Homebrew 的 `tcl-tk` 路径**
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```sh
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brew info tcl-tk
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```
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3. **重新安装 Python，并链接 `tcl-tk`**
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```sh
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brew install python-tk
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```
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4. **手动指定 `Tcl/Tk` 路径（如有必要）**
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```sh
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export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/tcl-tk/bin:$PATH"
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export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/tcl-tk/lib"
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export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/tcl-tk/include"
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```
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5. **重新创建虚拟环境**
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```sh
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python3 -m venv .venv
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source .venv/bin/activate
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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```
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---
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## 6. `导入 opuslib 失败: No module named 'pyaudioop'或'_cffi_backend'`
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### **错误描述**
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```
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找到opus库文件: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows\opus.dll
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已添加DLL搜索路径: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows
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已成功加载 opus.dll: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows\opus.dll
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导入 opuslib 失败: No module named 'pyaudioop'
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确保 opus 动态库已正确安装或位于正确的位置
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```
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或
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```
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找到opus库文件: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows\opus.dll
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已添加DLL搜索路径: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows
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已成功加载 opus.dll: D:\xiaozhi\PC\py-xiaozhi-main\libs\windows\opus.dll
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导入 opuslib 失败: No module named '_cffi_backend'
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请确保 opus 动态库已正确安装或位于正确的位置
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```
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### **解决方案**
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1. **Python版本兼容性问题**
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- 这个错误通常与Python版本有关，尤其是Python 3.13版本
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- 建议使用Python 3.9-3.12版本
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2. **重新安装cffi**
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```sh
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pip uninstall cffi
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pip install cffi
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```
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3. **opus.dll放置**
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- 确保已将opus.dll放在正确位置（项目根目录和System32目录）
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```sh
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# 检查是否已复制到这些位置
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C:\Windows\System32\opus.dll
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项目根目录\opus.dll
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项目根目录\libs\windows\opus.dll
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```
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4. **安装pyaudioop支持库**
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- 对于'pyaudioop'错误，尝试降级Python版本或安装相关依赖
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```sh
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pip install pyaudio
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```
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---
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## 8. `error: subprocess-exited-with-error`（安装 `numpy` 失败）
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### **错误描述**
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```
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Collecting numpy==2.0.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 8))
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Using cached https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/a9/75/10dd1f8116a8b796cb2c737b674e02d02e80454bda953fa7e65d8c12b016/numpy-2.0.2.tar.gz (18.9 MB)
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Installing build dependencies ... done
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Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
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Installing backend dependencies ... done
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Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error
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error: subprocess-exited-with-error
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× Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
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│ exit code: 1
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╰─> [21 lines of output]
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...
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WARNING: Failed to activate VS environment: Could not parse vswhere.exe output
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ERROR: Unknown compiler(s): [['icl'], ['cl'], ['cc'], ['gcc'], ['clang'], ['clang-cl'], ['pgcc']]
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The following exception(s) were encountered:
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Running `icl ""` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `cl /?` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `cc --version` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `gcc --version` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `clang --version` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `clang-cl /?` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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Running `pgcc --version` gave "[WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。"
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note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
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error: metadata-generation-failed
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× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
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╰─> See above for output.
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note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
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hint: See above for details.
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```
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### **解决方案**
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- 建议python版本在 3.9 - 3.12
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1. **确保 `numpy` 版本兼容**
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`numpy==2.0.2` 可能存在构建问题，建议尝试安装较稳定的版本：
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```sh
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pip install numpy==1.24.3
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```
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如果你不需要特定版本，可以安装最新稳定版本：
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```sh
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pip install numpy
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```
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2. **安装编译工具**
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Windows用户可能需要安装Visual C++ Build Tools：
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```sh
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# 安装Microsoft C++ Build Tools
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# 下载并安装: https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
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```
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3. **使用预编译的轮子**
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```sh
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pip install --only-binary=numpy numpy
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``` |